Theory:
Steps to factorize the cubic polynomial \(p(x)\).
Step 1: Find \(x = a\) where \(p(a) = 0\). That is, we have to find one of the factors.
Step 2: Then \(x-a\) is a factor of \(p(x)\).
Step 3: Now divide \(p(x)\) by \(x-a\). That is \(\frac{p(x)}{(x-a)}\).
Step 4: Then factorize the quotient(quadratic equation) by splitting its middle term.
Step 1: Let us find one of factors by trial method.
Consider the polynomial .
The product of coefficient of \(m^3\) and constant \(=\) \(1 \times -13\) \(=\) \(-13\).
We shall now look for the factors of \(-13\).
Factors of \(-13\): \(\pm1, \pm13\)
Let us start with the first factor \(m = 1\).
So at \(m =1\), .
Thus, the factor \(m =1\) satisfies step 1.
Step 2:
We can conclude that \(m -1\) is a factor of .
Step 3: Now divide by \(m -1\).
Let the quotient be \(g(m)\).
So, \(g(m) =\) .
Thus, the factorisation of the cubic polynomial is .