12. Functions of plastids

 

 

 Plastids, like chloroplasts, can make their own proteins because they have their own DNAmRNAproteinstarch and protoplasmchloroplastribosomeslysosomes, similar to bacteriafungi. This allows them to transcribe and translate amino acidcodonschromosomegenes  independently, producing the proteins they need. Unlike most organelles, plastids do not rely on the cell's nucleus for proteinstarchmineralsmRNA synthesis.