### Theory:

Maps:
• In general, maps are used to descale and represent the real world on a much smaller scale.
• Maps help analyze, record and creating scalable paths (or) graphical waypoints for existing geographical locations.
• Maps are useful in presenting key facts within a geographical context and thus enabling easier and quicker access to a complex concept descriptively.
• A map is a diagrammatic representation of an area of land or sea showing physical features, cities, roads, etc.
• Cartography is a science or art of making maps. The people who study (or) make maps are called cartographers.
Scaling:
Scaling refers to the relationship (or ratio) between distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground. For example, on a $$1$$:$$100000$$ scale map, $$1$$ $$cm$$ on the map equals $$1$$$$km$$ on the ground.
The typical measurement scales usually followed while mapping is as follows:
• A neighborhood building: $$1 cm = 20$$ $$cm$$
• A city map on a full page: $$1 cm = 2$$ $$km$$
• India’s map on a full page: $$1 cm = 200$$ $$km$$
• The world Map: $$1 cm = 3000$$ $$km$$