PUMPA - SMART LEARNING

எங்கள் ஆசிரியர்களுடன் 1-ஆன்-1 ஆலோசனை நேரத்தைப் பெறுங்கள். டாப்பர் ஆவதற்கு நாங்கள் பயிற்சி அளிப்போம்

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We can use various methods to separate the mixtures. Here, we explore centrifugation the widely used methods to separate the mixture.
 
Centrifugation:
Centrifugation method separate two materials of different densities by spinning them together. When insoluble particulates are found in a dissolved solution, they are better used to isolate products of similar densities.
Principle:
The centrifugal acceleration causes denser particles to move outward in the radial direction. At the same time, less dense particles being displaced and move towards the centre.
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Centrifugation

Function:
  • The fine insoluble solids from a solid-liquid mixture can be separated in a machine and called a centrifugate in the process.  
  • The machine rotates at a very high speed. The heavier solid particles move down on being rotated due to centrifugal force, and the lighter liquid remains at the top.
Example:
Let us now check how can we separate the milk from cream using centrifugation technique.

Step 1: Fill a test tube halfway with full-cream milk.

Step 2: Centrifugate it for two minutes in a centrifugate pump. If you don't have access to a centrifuging machine at school, you can do this task at home using a milk churner.

Observation: A heterogeneous solution is obtained after centrifugation.
 
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Cream milk

Result: The denser milk settles at the bottom, and the lighter cream floats on the top.
Applications:
  • In pathological lab centre, they use this principle to separate the blood cells from the blood samples. 
  • We can use this process to separate the cream from the milk.
  • Washing machines follow the same principle to separate the water from wet clothes.