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The separation method depends on the size of the particle, shape and physical state (solid, liquid and gas) of the components of the mixture.
There are two different separation methods:
- Separation of solid-liquid mixture
- Separation of solids
Separation of solid-liquid mixture:
This method involves,
- Filtration
- Sedimentation
- Decantation
- Churning
Filtration:
The method of separating insoluble components from a mixture is called filtration.
Example: Removing tea leaves from the liquid
Sedimentation:
The process in which insoluble impurities in the liquid settles down at the bottom of the vessel containing the mixture. The portion that settles down is called sediment.
Example: Separating insoluble mud
Decantation:
Decantation is the process in which the supernatant liquid that we got from sedimentation is slowly transferred from the container without disturbing the sediment.
Example: Removal of water from the sediment
Churning:
Churning is the process in which very fine insoluble solids are separated from a liquid.
Example: Separating butter from curd
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