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1. The North Western highlands:
This region comprises:
The mountains and plateaus of Norway, Sweden, Finland, Scotland, and Iceland
- The most beautiful fjord coast is located in this region which was created by glaciations in the past.
- This region also has many lakes that serves as reservoirs for producing hydroelectricity.
- Largest producers of hydroelectricity in the world: Norway and Sweden.
About Fjord :
It is a narrow and deep sea inlet between steep cliffs.
Fjords are long, deep, narrow bodies of water that reaches far inland. Most of the fjords are U-shaped valley with steep walls of rock on either side. They are mainly found in Norway, Chile, New Zealand, Canada, Greenland, and the U.S.A (state of Alaska).
Sognefjord is a fjord in Norway that spans more than \(160\) \(kilometres\) (nearly \(100\) \(miles\)).
Fjord helps in:
- It reduces the speed of wind, regardless of its direction.
- It also controls the force of sea waves. Therefore, areas with fjords are best suited for natural harbours.
2. The Central Plateaus:
- It is found in east west direction across Central Europe.
- Rivers originate from this plateau are the Danube, the Volga and the Tagus.
The important plateaus of this region are:
| Pennines | England |
| Meseta | Spain |
| Central Massif and Jura | France |
- The Black Forest (Germany) is a mountain range located in this region, which is known for its dense, evergreen forests and picturesque villages.
- It has rich mineral resources.
- Range of hill and mountains called Pennines separates North West England from Yorkshire and North East England.
- The Pennines is called the Backbone of England.
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